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    Tuesday, February 3, 2015

    Petroleum uses

    First, energy:
    Increased use of oil in the energy of different types and forms of fuel, lighting and heating in homes and vehicles, factories and economic facilities, etc., and oil is widely used in electricity generation.
    The advantage of oil from other energy sources as a cheaper and easier to use and less polluting, and reached the energy consumption of various sources and resources in the world in the ninth of the twentieth century, the last decade as follows: in 1990, 890.5 million tons, and in 1995 1023.5 million tonnes and in 2000, where increased energy consumption in the world to about 1165 million tonnes, on the basis that the annual increase with a mean of 65.2%, consisting contribution of the oil of the total energy consumption in the world at a rate ranging between 36% – 40% until the end of the ninth decade of the twentieth century the past (2).
    On the whole, the oil is used in all civil and military fields where used in land, sea and air transport vehicles of different forms and types, trains and in ships and vessels and aircraft in the general civilian life as oil is used as fuel in the land, sea and air weapons, in tanks and armored vehicles, boats and warships in the aircraft fighter jet and regular, in addition to the manufacture of poison gas as a kind of modern-lethal weapons.



    Second: Industry:
    Oil is one of the most important sources of raw materials for various industries in times of peace and war alike, as it enters the production of about 300 thousand industrial product in whole or in part, in the military, agricultural, health and textile and written and cottage industries and the paving of streets and roads, etc., is the most prominent of these industries (3 ): “napalm, AL (T. that. T), nylon, Dacron , Orlon , insecticides, chemical fertilizers, vehicle industry, dishwashers, water hoses, cosmetic creams, garden tables, tablecloths, lacquer, artificial flowers, ceilings, curtains, lipstick, eyeliner talk, nail polish, underwear, synthetic sponge, toothbrush, wax, tubs, gas used in homes, printing ink, asphalt, movies … etc. ”
    In addition to the previous industries, there are several petrochemical materials being manufactured from oil: such as the following gases (4): “ethylene, methanol, ethanol, propylene, benzene, toluene, xylene mixture, Paraxylene , Polyethylene Glycol , Styrene , melamine, formaldehyde, phenol, polyethylene (m), polyethylene (p), PVC, poly Styrene, Alkylbenzenes , methyl Butylated either triple, polypropylene, poly Paul, your example hydride , Alkyd resins, POLYAMIDES fibers, polyester fibers, resins polyunsaturated ester resins, dual octyl, formaldehyde resins, vinyl resins, poly Flat “, which is necessary for the various human daily uses gases.
    Third, oil as a political weapon:
    Can of oil-exporting countries use this economic resource as a means of political and economic pressure on any of the countries in the region or a particular geographic region, but this use is a double-edged sword, since it can be used to achieve the goals or specific targets within a specific or open a period of time for an indefinite period, for example, used the Arabs oil weapon in 1973, economic and political weapon against the United States and the Netherlands to support the Zionist policy of aggression toward the Arab world and had a strong effect, by contrast, use the oil weapon in 1991 as punishment against Iraq following the Gulf War II by preventing the sale and export of Iraqi oil, causing severe damage to the Iraqi people from the internal economic and living areas, and frozen or paralyzed Iraq’s foreign relations with many Arab countries or foreign. Accordingly, the oil multi-usage and objectives weapon blessing and a curse at the same time, can affect the exporting country or imported alike, but the consequences of different effects and time to another and from one country to another.
    Fourth: oil as a weapon and a source of economic wealth General:
    Comes from the sale of tens of millions of barrels of oil or thousands of tons of various oil products and abundant financial returns of the exporting country vary from country to country depending on the amount of production or the form of the material sold Is it solid, liquid or gaseous, and is it a raw material or manufactured, and ranged price of a barrel of crude oil in the ninth decade of the present century between 15 – $ 18, while the maximum price has reached about $ 150, and then fell to about $ 30, and now ranges price of a barrel of oil between 60-70 dollars at June 2009.
    “As for the Arab States of oil is the main source of its wealth in terms equivalent to oil exports 25% of the gross national product of the countries of the Arab oil and non-oil, and about 80% of the total exports. In the Arab oil states Nature, case depends on more than that of oil. The need of the European countries overall the Bank to the Arab oil on the one hand and the importance of oil to Arab countries as a primary source wealth, and for foreign currency on the other hand, are the basis for the possibility that the oil be a bridge for relations between the Arab States and Europe, and that was the fragmentation of the Arab position and hashed currently weaken it. “(5).
    In any case, the Arab oil one of the most important sources of Arab power regionally and globally remains, depending on the methods of the Arab political and economic pressure and provide a will to do so, and the Arab oil played a role has had a positive impact on the Palestinian issue in the conferences of the General Assembly of the United Nations and in the non-aligned countries In the Islamic and African conferences when the political will on this issue is available, as well as some oil-producing countries to resort to the use of oil to influence the policy of another country about a particular issue as Swap oil for technological expertise or access to equipment and civilian mechanisms or military of one of the Western industrial nations or Southeast Asian countries.
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